Industrial production across the eurozone unexpectedly declined in May, ending three consecutive months of growth and highlighting continued weakness in the region’s manufacturing sector.

According to Eurostat, industrial output fell 0.2% from the previous month, missing economists’ expectations for a 0.2% increase. The April reading was also revised higher to a 0.3% gain from the previously reported 0.1%. On an annual basis, production dropped 1.2%, compared with forecasts for a 0.5% decline.

The weaker-than-expected result comes as manufacturers continue to face higher energy costs and economic uncertainty linked to the conflict in the Middle East.

Among the eurozone’s largest economies, production was mixed:

  • Germany: +0.8%
  • Spain: +1.2%
  • France: -0.1%
  • Italy: -0.3%

Despite the setback, economists say industrial activity remains above levels seen earlier this year. However, slowing factory output could weigh on economic growth if demand and energy prices fail to improve.

Investor takeaway: The weaker production data reinforces concerns that the eurozone’s manufacturing recovery remains fragile. Investors will be watching upcoming economic data and European Central Bank policy for signs of whether industrial activity can regain momentum.

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